Different types of Agriculture in India | Tractorgyan

23 Jul, 2022

Agriculture is the primary activity carried out by most of the rural population in India.

It demonstrates a greater preference and importance over the country as the entire country is depended on and is carried out agricultural activities 

Farming is an essential activity carried out by the farmers. When the word farming takes place farming equipment and tools do come into consideration as well.

 

Seasons play an important role in determining the type of agriculture that needs to be carried out. 

1. Subsistence Farming

Subsistence farming is the practice of raising crops and animals solely for the farmer's consumption. It involves working on small agricultural plots with fundamental farm machinery. It is believed that most subsistence farmers are poor and therefore unable to buy better seeds and fertilizers. As a result, the farm is on land with poor soil fertility or challenging topography.  

Low-yielding subsistence farming doesn't employ irrigation or electricity, both of which are frequently unavailable to these farmers. Almost no food is sold for a profit because the farmer and his family consume almost all the food that is produced. The mid-latitudes are experiencing a boom in agricultural activity.

 

2. Dry Farming

 

A specific type of agriculture known as "dry farming" is practiced in regions with irrigation issues and low rainfall totals of less than 20 inches. On dry ground, crops including winter wheat, corn, beans, sunflower, and even watermelon may be cultivated. Even with only 9 inches of precipitation annually, arid soil can be successfully farmed; higher rainfall broadens the range of crops.

 

3. Mixed Farming

Commercial farming entails growing plants and animals intending to sell them for a profit. It is the foundation of the global agriculture sector. Even though the commercial economy has been around for thousands of years, significant developments have occurred over the past century. The ability to genetically modify crops to produce a variety of resistance is now possible because of scientific and technological advancements. 

 

4. Pastoral Farming

One of the oldest farming systems is pastoral farming. Pastoral farming is the practice of only rearing animals in cold, humid climates that are not good for growing crops. These steep slopes are less nutrient-rich and designed to encourage mechanization rather than plant growth. These grounds are typically good for weeds and grasses.

Strong winds and heavy water flow during rainstorms increase the likelihood of crop damage in sloping terrain. Sheep are better raised in sloping terrain rather than dairy animals. Sheep can eat grass and are adaptable to cold and humid climates.

 

5. Sedentary Farming

An agricultural practice known as sedentary farming involves using the same piece of land year after year. In contrast to nomadic farming, this. This kind of farming is carried out by a single farmer who does not rotate the fields. Primitive farmers in tropical Africa who consistently cultivated the same plot of land rather than rotating or changing it sometimes was referred to by this word.

 

6. Nomadic Farming

A type of animal husbandry known as nomadic animal husbandry includes moving cattle from one location to another in search of new grazing land and water. Nomadic cattle can take many different shapes depending on the region or culture. We refer to some human tribes and cultures as nomads because they have always relied completely on roving livestock.

 

7. Shifting Cultivation

In the tropics, shifting agriculture entails the cultivation of crops on forest grounds following forest removal or burning. Native Americans farm on forest land until the soil is no longer fertile. The soil typically loses its fertility or becomes dominated by local flora over a period of three to five years. Farmers relocate to the next forest and continue the process thereafter the soil loses its fertility. The primary use of this farming is to produce grains in the tropics.

 

8. Commercial farming

Commercial agriculture refers to the activity of growing plants and animals for profit. It also goes by the name of industrial agriculture.  

Huge landscapes are largely necessary for commercial agriculture to grow crops and trees in large quantities and of high quality. Due to its great commercial value, farmers only use it on a small basis. Tea, coffee, rubber, coconut, grapes, mangoes, apples, avocados, and palm oil are some of the most important commercial crops.

 

9. Mediterranean farming

Mediterranean agriculture involves growing crops and rearing cattle in the arid Mediterranean climate. The main agricultural products grown in the region are small animals and crops including citrus fruits, vineyards, and wheat. Horticulture is also practiced because of the winter rains, with most crops being sown in the winter.

 

10. Cooperative Farming

In this style of farming, everyone who participates has an ownership stake in the enterprise. There is no pressure other than the cooperative members, who willingly combine their resources to run the business. All members are free and have the freedom to quit society whenever they want without losing their ownership of the land and resources they have reserved.  

The members' respective shares of capital, labor, and land determine how much money everyone receives. Additional classifications for this form of farming include Cooperative improved farming Ownership & operations both individually. 

Cooperative joint farming. Operations are carried out collaboratively while ownership is individual.  Cooperative Tenant farming Individual activities and collective ownership.  Cooperative collective farming Owning and running the farm jointly.

 

11. Crop rotation

Crop rotation is one of the agricultural methods that involve changing the cultivation of crops on the same plot of ground during various growing seasons. By using this technique, the soil is helped to restore its fertility and nutrients that were lost during a previous crop harvest.

 

12. Capitalist Farming

Big businesspeople or capitalists invest land and money in capitalism-based farming. The employed laborers receive pay. Improved farming techniques and intensive farming are used. In general, farms are mechanized. Workers receive more pay. The investor or businessperson is responsible for the company's profit or loss.

 

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